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Influence of microplastics on aquatic organisms - an overview study
BÁRTOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to develop a review summarizing knowledge about the effect of microplastics on aquatic organisms. In recent years, negative impacts of microplastics on aquatic organisms have begun to be observed. This work clarifies the entry paths of microplastics to the water recipient and their occurrence in aquatic ecosystems. The effects of microplastics on aquatic organisms, both vertebrates and invertebrates and phytoplankton, were also presented. To work properly out this bachelor thesis, I have used Czech and foreign sources found in the scientist database. However, many studies are still needed to fully understand the impact of microplastics and deduce clear conclusions. In order to deduce general conclusions from the studies, it is necessary to standardize water sampling methods as well as methods for testing the effects on organisms.
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Vodní bezobratlí v rybochovných zařízeních
Seifried, Jakub
The aim of the Bachelor's thesis was a preparation of literary review on the occurrence of water invertebrates in fish farming systems designed for salmonid fish and determination of taxonomic composition of the aquatic invertebrates, their abundance and diversity in recirculation system in Pravíkov. The research was conducted at three sampling places in the system. The samples were collected once a month in the vegetative period during 2015 from the bottom of inflow and outflow channels, and moss vegetation from the wall was scraped. The physicochemical parameters also were measured. The obtained values were specified as suitable for the rearing of salmonid fish. Sampling was carried out using a benthic net with sharp metal edge for easier scraping of deposits from the solid surface. During the entire study, 15436 individuals were caught and 67 taxa detected. Diversity index (H´) ranged within 1,096 to 2,183and equitability index (E) in range 0,233 to 0,429.
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Zhodnocení výskytu a významu bezobratlých v systému intenzivního chovu lososovitých ryb.
Seifried, Jakub
The theoretical part of the thesis contains a literature review of the current knowledge on the occurrence and importance of aquatic invertebrates in salmonid fish farms. The practical part includes monitoring and determination of abundance, diversity and taxonomic composition of aquatic invertebrates in a recirculating system in Pravíkov. Sampling was conducted once a month during the vegetative season over three years, from 2015 to 2017. Samples were taken using an adjusted benthic net, from three sam-pling sites: bottom of the outflow canal from the breeding tanks, bottom of the inflow canal to the breeding tanks and the system’s wall. In addition to the abundance and diversity of aquatic invertebrates, the physico-chemical parameters of water were also measured. During the monitoring period, common breeding interventions were conduct-ed, including the discharge and disinfection of the entire system. During the monitoring period, a total of 36,066 individuals from 133 taxa of aquatic invertebrates were recorded. In 2016, despite the disinfection of the system, the highest number of taxa (74) and abundance (17,700) were registered. In 2016 and 2017, the vast majority of the macrozoobenthos collected were Chironomidae and Oligochaeta, which showed a significant growth in abundance in comparison with 2015. In 2015, 69 taxa with an abundance of 15,436 individuals were recorded. The cleaning of the system showed the highest effect on macrozoobenthos in 2017, when the bryophyte vegetation regrowth did not occur on the wall and some of the samples were without macrozoobenthos. Altogether, only 2,930 aquatic invertebrates and 67 taxa were detected. Values of the Shannon–Weaver index (H´) ranged from 1.335 to 2.214 in 2015, from 0.853 to 2.583 in 2016 and from 1.116 to 2.508 in 2017. Off all macrozoobenthos taxa recorded, Asellus aquaticus presents a potential danger to farmed fish, as it can be an intermediate host of Acanthocephala. This is also true for some species of molluscs, which can be intermediate hosts of trematodes.
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Landuse efects on the temperature regime of streams with focus on the habitat conditions for Margaritifera margaritifera
Skála, Miroslav ; Douda, Karel (advisor) ; Matasová, Klára (referee)
Landuse efects on the temperature regime of streams with focus on the habitat conditions for Margaritifera margaritifera
Summary
This bachelor thesis deals with the matter of the freshwater pearl mussel (Margaritifera margaritifera). It will describe the main factors affecting its reproduction and presence in the watercourse - the fresh pearl mussel is to be found among the endangered species and its presence and survival in a certain location depend primarily on the hosting fish which is the brown trout here in the Czech Republic. Generally, the main stress lays on the temperature and its influence on the ecology of the freshwater pearl mussel. This thesis contains a research part which describes the freshwater pearl mussel and impacts on it, and a practical part where you can find an assessment of the temperature and qualitative impact on growth and death of the freshwater pearl mussel during bioindications.
The temperature influences all age stages of the freshwater pearl mussel. The temperature changes thanks to a variety of different aspects such as surrounding flora in the watercourse, atmospherical factors, anthropogenic activity or altitude. You will be able to find all these aspects along with a percentage of their potential effect on the freshwater pearl mussel in this thesis as well as the assessment of the average summer temperature and its possible impact on any specimen of any stage.
The thesis is also based on the impact of surroundings on the freshwater pearl mussel which are discovered during bioindications that are also described here and have been partially used in the appraisal. The practical part of the thesis is focused on the growth and death of the species in the bioindication in five profiles of the watercourse.
The third part of the practical thesis is about locations that show surroundings and representation stated components. The reason I included this part is mostly for illustrative purposes which serve to expound the matter to the reader. The used data of components in the locations are from 2012.
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